Vibration Motor Selection
How to Select the Right Vibration Motor
Selecting the right vibration motor requires evaluating the frequency, amplitude, working moment, centrifugal force, and acceleration required by the application. Since these parameters vary between applications, motor selection must take the specific process requirements into account.
Applications such as feeding and dosing, screening, filter cleaning, silo discharge, compaction, and concrete consolidation require different frequency, acceleration, and amplitude values. Therefore, the first step in vibration motor selection is to determine the operating characteristics of the intended application.
The direction of vibratory motion also depends on the system configuration. A single vibration motor can generate circular motion, while two appropriately configured counter-rotating motors can produce linear motion.
Vibration Motor Selection by Application
Different vibration applications require different frequencies, acceleration levels, amplitudes, and vibration directions. The following values provide general technical references for selecting vibration motors according to the application.
| Application | Frequency | Acceleration | Amplitude | Vibration Direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feeding, Dosing | 1000–1500 | 2.0–3.5 | Large | Linear |
| Screening | 1000–1500 | 3.0–4.0 | Large | Linear |
| Filter Cleaning | 1500–3000 | 3.5–5.0 | Medium | Linear |
| Silo Discharge | 1500–3000 | 20%–20% of the Material* | Medium | Circular |
| Compaction | 1500–6000 | 2.0–4.0 | Small | Circular / Linear |
| Concrete Consolidation | 3000–9000 | 0.8–1.15 | Very Small | Circular / Linear |
| Vibration Test Table | 3000–6600 | 0.5–5.0 | Small / Large | Circular / Linear |
Frequency, Acceleration
and Amplitude by Application
The operating characteristics of a vibration motor vary depending on the application. For feeding and dosing, the specified frequency range is 1000–1500, with acceleration values of 2.0–3.5 and a large amplitude. Screening applications use the same frequency range, with acceleration values of 3.0–4.0 and a large amplitude.
For filter cleaning applications, the specified frequency range is 1500–3000 with a medium amplitude. Compaction applications use a frequency range of 1500–6000 with a small amplitude, while concrete consolidation requires a range of 3000–9000 with a very small amplitude.
These differences demonstrate that vibration motor selection should not be based on a single technical parameter. Frequency, acceleration, amplitude, and vibration direction must be evaluated together according to the application's requirements.
Mounting Angle
in Vibrating Troughs
The mounting angle in vibrating troughs varies according to the application. The technical reference values indicate the following relationships between mounting angles and applications:
| Mounting Angle | Application |
|---|---|
| 25°–35° | Feeding, Loading, Sorting, Dosing |
| 30°–45° | Screening, Classification, Separation |
| 45°–80° | Drying |
These values indicate that the motor mounting angle in a vibrating trough should be determined according to the type of process being performed.
Vibration Frequency, Trough Length, and Stroke
The technical reference table shows the relationship between vibration frequency, maximum trough length, and stroke as follows:
| Vibration Frequency | Trough Length | Stroke |
|---|---|---|
| 3000 rpm – 2-pole | Maximum 3000 mm | 0.5–2 mm |
| 1500 rpm – 4-pole | Maximum 4800 mm | 4–6 mm |
| 1000 rpm – 6-pole | Maximum 6000 mm | 6–12 mm |
| 750 rpm – 8-pole | Maximum 6800 mm | 10–16 mm |
According to these values, the maximum trough length and stroke increase as the operating speed decreases.
Therefore, when selecting the operating frequency for vibrating trough applications, both trough length and the required stroke must be considered.
Working Moment in Vibration Motor Selection
Working moment is one of the fundamental parameters used in vibration motor calculations.
The working moment is expressed by the following equation:
M = s × m
Working Moment (kg·cm) = Total Stroke (cm) × Mass (kg)
The total stroke is calculated from the amplitude as follows:
s = 2 × Amplitude
Total Stroke (cm) = 2 × Amplitude (cm)
Therefore, determining the working moment requires evaluating both the system mass and the required total stroke.
Centrifugal Force Calculation
The technical documentation provides two approaches for calculating centrifugal force.
Based on working moment and rotational speed:
F = M × n² × 54,84 / 10⁶
The documentation also provides the following expression:
Force (N) = Working Moment (kg·cm) × Rotational Speed² (rpm²) / 18235
Based on acceleration and mass:
F = a(g) × m × 9,81
Force (N) = Acceleration (in g) × Mass (kg) × 9.81
These calculations illustrate the relationship between working moment, rotational speed, acceleration, system mass, and the vibration force required for an application.
The Right Vibration Parameters for Every Application
Vibration motor selection involves more than simply determining motor power or rotational speed. Application type, frequency, acceleration, amplitude, vibration direction, working moment, and centrifugal force are interrelated technical parameters that must be considered during the selection process.
Identifying the vibration characteristics required for processes such as feeding, screening, silo discharge, and compaction provides the foundation for selecting the appropriate vibration motor.
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